5.11 I can recall how nitrogen oxides are formed in car engines

a)     Write the general equation for the combustion of a fuel:

Combustion: Fuel + Oxygen (O₂) ---> Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) + Water (H₂O) + Energy

b)    During combustion the nitrogen in air can react to form what gases?

 Nitrogen Monoxide (NO) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂)

c)     What condition is necessary for this reaction to take place? 

      High temperatures

d)    In what common object is this condition found? 

      Vehicles

e)     Why is this condition needed for nitrogen to react?

       In order to break the triple bonds of the Nitrogen molecules

f)     What are the dangers of the products from this reaction? 

     Nitric Acid (HNO₃). This can cause acid rain

5.10 I can recall the problems associated with incomplete combustion

1.       What are the properties of carbon monoxide?

Colorless, Odorless, Poisonous 

2.       Explain how carbon monoxide is formed

Carbon monoxide is formed when the fuel gets burnt with insufficient oxygen. This is known as incomplete combustion.

3.       Explain why carbon monoxide is poisonous

It is poisonous because the haemoglobin attaches CO (carbon monoxide) 

CO (carbon monoxide) binds with haemoglobin much easier than O₂  (Oxygen)and is irreversible. Thus, when a person takes in too much CO, the red blood cells can not provide enough oxygen for you, then you die because of asphyxiation (the condition being deprived with oxygen) 

5.9 I can describe the trend in boiling point and viscosity of the main fracti

a.       What is the trend in boiling point of the fractions?

As you go up the fractionating column, the boiling point decreases while the boiling point increases as you go down the column. The longer the chain, the larger the hydrocarbon, the higher the boiling point.

b.      Define viscosity (source your definition)

(geonet.org.nz/volcano/glossary.html)- Ability of a liquid to flow

c.       What is the trend in viscosity of the fractions?

The viscosity of the liquid increases as we go down the fractionating column 

d.      What is the trend in colour of the fractions?

As we go down the column, the color gets darker (see picture from right to left)

e.      Why is crude oil separated into fractions?

Crude Oil alone is a useless,poisonous, viscose,black liquid. If we separated, we can have petrol oil,gasoline etc. which is more useful.

f.        What process is used to separate crude oil into fractions?

Fractional Distillation

g.       What physical property allows this process to work?

Different boiling point

"5.8 I can recall the names and uses of the main fractions obtained from crude oil"

Red

Giraffes

Kill

Dogs

For

Burgers

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"5.7 I can describe how crude oil is separated"

5.6 I can recall what crude oil is made from

a. Define the word hydrocarbon?	A compound consisting of only hydrogen and carbon
b. Crude oil is a ____________ of ____________	mixture, hydrocarbons

c. What is crude oil made from?	Crude oil was made from the bodies of tiny sea creatures and plants in plankton
d. How long does it take to make?	150 million years
e. Where does the energy originally come from?	The sun
f. How is crude oil different from coal?	Crude oil is formed underneath the sea and from tiny creatures while coal forms from plants which is buried beneath a swamp
g. Crude oil, coal and natural gas are collectively known as _________ fuels	Fossil
h. How is crude oil transported when it is extracted from the ground?	by pipe lines and oil tankers